Investigations

Hormone profile blood tests

• Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
• Luteinising hormone (LH)
• Oestradiol (E2)
• AMH (these can be done on any day in the cycle)

These blood tests are undertaken to assess how well your ovaries are working. They help assess the ovarian reserve i.e. number of eggs.

Other blood tests which may be requested

• Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), to check if the thyroid levels are within range
• Progesterone, to check whether you are ovulating/releasing an egg each month (the dates for this test are cycle dependant)
• Rubella immunity blood test, to see if the mother is not immune to rubella and contracts Rubella in pregnancy, it may cause harm to the unborn baby

Trans-vaginal ultrasound scan (USS)

This is an internal vaginal scan which involves the insertion of a transducer probe to assess the shape, size and outlook of the womb. It also enables a picture of the size, activity, appearance and position of the ovaries.                     

Hysterosalpingogram

This test is also abbreviated as a HSG. It is an X-ray which involves injection of dye to provide information about the shape of the uterine cavity. It provides valuable information as to whether the fallopian tubes are open/blocked.

Vaginal swabs

These consistent of two self-taken vaginal swabs to check for Gonorrhoea/Chlamydia and bacterial vaginosis/thrush. These are needed prior to further investigations, sometimes previous chlamydia may be linked to tubal damage.

Hysteroscopy

Occasionally this is performed if needed to look at irregularities in the lining of the womb or for diagnostic purposes. This may be done as a day procedure or under anaesthetic.

Laparoscopy

Occasionally this is performed via key-hole surgery to look inside the pelvis to diagnose or treat gynaecological issues. It can be used to check tubal patency; treat/diagnose endometriosis or fibroids.

Semen analysis

This involves collection of male sperm through ejaculation to assess the shape; movement and quantity of sperms. If there are no sperms or too few sperms, the male patient may be required to undertake additional hormone blood testing.

The semen analysis testing is the investigation carried out for male patients. The additional tests listed below will only be requested if needed by the Clinician.

Testicular scan (USS)

This is an external scan which involves a probe being placed on the scrotum to assess the testicles and the surrounding tissues.

Chromosome analysis

These are additional blood tests usually undertaken following abnormal sperm results. The three additional blood tests include karyotype; Y chromosome microdeletion and cystic fibrosis. The female patient may also be required to undergo tests depending on the outcome of the chromosome tests.